Development of a low?cost hydrogel microextrusion printer based on a Kossel delta <scp>3D</scp> printer platform

The core of bioprinting related research aims to reduce the gap between ex vivo cell cultures and in cellular tissue models further its application within biomedical field. While additive manufacturing is touted as disruptive technology, bioprinter equipment costs exceed limited resource budgets many laboratories restricting scope for development potential medical application. In line with this, a relatively low-cost (SidneV1, SV1) was successfully designed manufactured using low-cost, commercially available FDM Delta 3D printer prototype base custom micro-extrusion printhead. Printing accuracies assessed were 65% (for width measurements) 64% height measurements). This study aimed demonstrate way achieve cell-free hydrogel printing establish basis future system modifications refinements such that this technology becomes more accessible under-funded groups globally. Optimization parameters, formulations sterilization techniques will allow patterning engineering three-dimensional macroscale scaffolds technology.